In keeping with the spirit of hybrid assessment tools, efforts are being made to use DSM symptomatology to develop and validate empirically-derived subscales. Much of this research involves the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory (CASI). Representative examples of empirically derived CASI subscales and the publications that describe their respective scoring algorithms are as follows:

 

• CASI Autism Spectrum Disorder informant-specific scales (DeVincent, & Gadow, 2009; DeVincent, Gadow, Strong, et al., 2008; Gadow, Schwartz, DeVincent, et al., 2008)

 

• CASI Oppositional Defiant Disorder subscales (Drabick & Gadow, 2012)

 

• CASI Autism Anxiety scale (Sukhodolsky, Scahill, Gadow, et al., 2008)

 

• CASI Social Anhedonia scale (Gadow & Garman, 2020)

 

• CASI Emotion Dysregulation scale (Johnstone, Leung, Srikanth, et al., 2020)

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REFERENCES

 

            DeVincent, C.J., & Gadow, K.D. (2009). Relative clinical utility of three Child Symptom Inventory-4 scoring algorithms for differentiating children with autism spectrum disorder versus attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Autism Research, 2, 312-321.  doi:10.1002/aur.106

            DeVincent, C., Gadow, K.D., Strong, G., Schwartz, J., & Cuva, S. (2008). Screening for autism spectrum disorder with the Early Childhood Inventory-4. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 29, 1-10. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e3181943595

            Drabick, D.A.G., & Gadow, K.D. (2012). Deconstructing oppositional defiant disorder: Clinic-based evidence for an anger/irritability phenotype. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 51, 384-393. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2012.01.010

            Gadow, K.D., Schwartz, J., DeVincent, C., Strong, G., & Cuva, S. (2008). Clinical utility of autism spectrum disorder scoring algorithms for the Child Symptom Inventory. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 419-427. doi: 10.1007/s10803-007-0408-y

            Johnstone, J.M., Leung, B., Srikanth, P., Hatsu, I., Perez, P., Tost, G., Gracious, B., Aman, M., Gadow, K.D., Fielding, R., Bukstein, O., & Arnold, L.A. (2020). Development of a composite primary outcome score for children with ADHD and emotional dysregulation. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, (30)3, 1-7. doi: 10.1089/cap.2019.0179, PubMed PMID: 32101469.

             Sukhodolsky, D.G., Scahill, L., Gadow, K.D., Arnold, L. E., Aman, M.G., McDougle, C.J., McCracken, J.T., Tierney, E., White, S.W., Lecavalier, L., & Vitiello, B. (2008). Parent-rated anxiety symptoms in children with pervasive developmental disorders: Frequency and association with core autism symptoms and cognitive functioning. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 117-128. doi: 10.1007/s10802-007-9165-9

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